Spiral Knife Sampling Procedure for Soil Bulk Density Measurement

The ring knife plays an important role in the process of soil sampling. When measuring soil moisture, bulk density and other parameters, the work of the ring knife is very important. It is even more important to use a ring knife in order to be able to more accurately devote to soil research.

If you use a ring knife to measure the soil bulk density, the steps are generally like this:

1. First, select the location of the soil profile in the field, and then excavate the soil profile. Sampling is performed at the profile level, and each layer is repeated 3 times. If only the soil bulk density of the tillage layer is measured, it is not necessary to dig the soil profile.
2. Place the ring knife holder on a ring knife of known weight and press the ring knife edge straight down into the soil until the ring knife bowl is full of samples. When the ring cutter is pressed in, it should be steady and consistent.
3. Place a knife with a known weight on the ring knife and place the knife edge perpendicularly into the soil until the ring is filled with the sample. When the ring cutter is pressed in, it should be steady and consistent.
4. Use a soil cutter to cut the soil around the ring knife, remove the ring knife that has been filled with soil, and carefully trim away the excess soil on both ends of the ring knife and clean the soil outside the ring knife. The ends of the ring knife are immediately capped to prevent moisture evaporation. Immediately weighed (accurate to 0.01g) and recorded. 5. Simultaneous sampling at the same layer, using an aluminum box to determine the natural moisture content of the soil. Or remove the sample directly from the ring and measure the soil moisture content. The result was calculated by calculating soil bulk density as follows. d = g • 100 / [V • (100 + W)] where: d - soil bulk density (g/cm3) g - ring wet soil weight (g) V - ring knife volume (cm3) W - sample contains Water volume (%).

A Piston Ring is a split ring that fits into a groove on the outer diameter of a piston in a reciprocating engine such as an internal combustion engine or steam engine.

The main functions of piston rings in reciprocating engines are:

  1. Sealing the combustion chamber so that there is minimal loss of gases to the crank case.
  2. Improving heat transfer from the piston to the cylinder wall.
  3. Maintaining the proper quantity of the oil between the piston and the cylinder wall
  4. Regulating engine oil consumption by scraping oil from the cylinder walls back to the sump.

Currently, the piston rings function in sets, usually, a top compression ring, a second groove compression (or oil scraper) ring, and an oil control ring.

Piston Ring

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