N Identification Methods of Maize Seeds
N Identification Methods of Maize Seeds
The hybrid strains affecting the purity of the maize hybrids were the female self-introduced strains caused by incomplete emasculation of the hybrids and the female parent. The former's grain type, ear type and typical hybrids are clearly distinguishable and easy to distinguish. The latter is indistinguishable from morphological and hybrid species. However, because of the different sources of pollen received, the color and transparency of the grain endosperm layer have different manifestations. The identification methods are as follows.
Grain identification method. Ordinary corn hybrids, grain types can be divided into horse teeth, half horse teeth and hard grain type. From the appearance, there are long wooden wedges, wooden wedges, short wooden wedges, nearly round, round kidney shape. If inbred lines or hybrids are mixed with seeds of different varieties, they can be identified based on the type of grain. The shape and size of hybrids are generally like mother seeds. Generally, the shape and size of the maize hybrids in each seeding area are relatively uniform, and the second-generation seeds are more uniform. However, compared with the hybrids, the second-generation seeds are large in size, flat and light in color, and attention should be paid when purchasing seed.
Grain color identification method. The color of many corn varieties is usually red, yellow, white, purple, etc. The tobacco plant No. 14 with Huang Zao 4 as the female parent is promoted in the production, and the anti-crossing Dandan No. 2 is early, because the grain of Huang Zao IV is light yellow and transparent. After accepting the pollen of the paternal palate 107, the endosperm of the hybrid seed grain changed from light yellowish transparent to red-yellow opaque. If there is a light yellow transparent grain in the No. 14 No. 14 and reverse No. 2 seeds in the check, it is the inbred grain. In Yudan 2 and Qidan 4 with Huangzao 4 as the parent, because of the deep yellow top and red-yellow grains, the seeds of the hybrids were white tops and the whole grain color after receiving the male parent Huangzao 4 pollen. Slightly shallower than 107. The 8112 canopy and the entire kernel are dark yellow and look reddish, dark and dull. After receiving the male parent Huangzao pollen, the grain endosperm of the hybrids was light yellow, transparent, white-topped, shiny, and slightly white in grain. The seeds of No. 2 seedlings were found to have dark yellow tops and red-yellow kernels. The top seed of No. 4 seedlings of Diandan and the whole grain were dark yellow grains. Self-grained grains were present and could be singled out. After the farmers purchase seeds, since the amount is limited, it is feasible to pick out the self-crossed grains. Seeing the luster of the seeds at the time of purchase is mainly to judge the new seeds, and the bright color is the seed of the new harvest. The seeds with darker colors may be aged in the next year.
Corn quality identification method. Because of the hybrid heterosis of hybrid maize, the seeds and hybrids bred under the same soil and cultivation management conditions in a certain area have higher grain weight than the parental inbreds. In addition to the 1000-seed weight, there are also parameters such as seed clarity, seed purity, and seed moisture content. The seed clarity is a relatively important factor in these parameters. At this time, we can determine the seed wind separator or seed blower. .
Germination potential method. Generally, the hybrids are large, full, neat, and strong in vigor, so the germination potential is stronger than that of female inbred lines.
Planting identification method. It is suitable for distinguishing between inbred lines and hybrids, but also suitable for identification of purity. The purity was determined based on the following three points of seedling traits, or inbred lines and hybrids were distinguished. Such as leaf sheath color, leaf color, leaf width, length, plant characters, such as plant height, thickness, leaf size, angle; spike character, such as the shape of the ear, the length of the spike, the growth status of the loquat leaves, ear type, cob Thickness and cob color similarities and differences. Precision seed germination boxes are instruments that are often used in the determination of seed germination potential.
Physiological identification. In the study of corn embryo development, 10 heterozygous maize hybrids and their parents were tested and found that hybrid embryonic tissues differentiated in advance, organs were clearly differentiated and developed well. Therefore, inbred lines and hybrids can be distinguished by physiological assays.
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