Industrial solid waste utilization expectation breakthrough
The 12th Five-Year Plan for the Comprehensive Utilization of Bulk Industrial Solid Waste issued by the National Development and Reform Commission recently pointed out that with the rapid development of China's industry, the amount of industrial solid waste generated will also increase. It is estimated that by 2015, total production will reach 15 billion tons, the stockpile will increase by 8 billion tons, the total stockpile will reach 27 billion tons, and the bulk of industrial solid waste will occupy an additional 400,000 mu of land. In the face of this new situation, we cannot help but ask: How to develop a resource-product-waste-recycling resource development model in various industries such as power, coal, petrochemical, and construction? How to quickly develop the industrial chain for disposing of bulk industrial solid waste? How to increase the overall utilization of bulk industrial solid waste? In this regard, industry experts suggest that the government should take the lead to establish coordination mechanisms for various industries. Building materials, chemical and other industries and local governments should coordinate with each other to jointly solve the problem.
The person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission stated that solid wastes such as tailings, coal gangue, and industrial by-products such as gypsum are produced in large quantities, have a high potential for resource utilization, and have a wide range of environmental impacts. If these solid wastes are utilized, they will play an important role in promoting the development of recycling economy, promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, and accelerating the establishment of sustainable production methods. They can also form stable waste utilization and resource regeneration capabilities, and promote the comprehensive utilization of resources. Promote. "Planning" proposes that by 2015, the comprehensive utilization of bulk industrial solid waste will reach 1.6 billion tons, and the comprehensive utilization rate will reach 50%. Among them, the comprehensive utilization of tailings reached 260 million tons, the comprehensive utilization rate reached 20%; the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue reached 511 million tons, the comprehensive utilization rate reached 70%; the comprehensive utilization of fly ash reached 396 million tons, comprehensive utilization Up to 70%; the comprehensive utilization of smelting slag reaches 330 million tons, and the comprehensive utilization rate reaches 75%; the comprehensive utilization of industrial by-product gypsum reaches 97.5 million tons, the comprehensive utilization rate reaches 65%; and the comprehensive utilization of red mud reaches 7 million tons. Comprehensive utilization rate of 20%.
In an interview with the reporter, Jianhua Jiang, vice chairman of the China Building Material Market Association, said that the building materials industry is currently developing industry standards for the comprehensive utilization of solid waste. The solid waste treatment of building materials is divided into two categories: one is the use of solid waste to directly produce building materials, and a large number of solid waste generated from power plants and steel plants, such as fly ash, coal gangue, etc., to produce cement and wall materials; The other is to use the thermal environment of the cement kiln to assist the government in the disposal of urban waste. He believes that the use of cement kilns to co-process industrial solid waste is the best disposal method at this stage, and can be truly harmless.
Although the comprehensive utilization of bulk industrial solid waste achieved remarkable results during the “11th Five-Year Plan†period, there are still problems such as unbalanced regional development, small scale of enterprises, inadequate technical support capacity, and existing support policies that need further improvement.
Ju Jianhua believes that the building materials industry does not have technical barriers in handling waste, and now it is mainly a question of the coordination mechanism of the entire society. For example, the application of solid waste as a raw material started very early, and the application amount was also large. Cement kiln co-processing waste is a new disposal method. Cement plants mainly solve technical problems. Garbage is managed by the government. Therefore, a government-centered coordination mechanism must be established.
Zhai Jianhua told reporters that the joint disposal of cement kilns is an important way to dispose of rubbish in the future, and the “Twelfth Five-Year†countries will make great strides in this regard. The building materials industry is currently developing technical standards for the joint treatment of waste in cement kilns. He said: "The cement company is not only producing cement, but also a material supplier for urban construction, a city purifier, and a service station for urban purification and development."
According to Zhou Xianhui, deputy secretary-general of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, solid waste pollution prevention and control in the chemical industry is centered on waste reduction and resource utilization. By 2015, the comprehensive utilization rate of solid waste in the chemical industry will reach 75%, and the disposal rate will reach 100%. However, the current comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum is around 20%, which poses new major challenges for the chemical industry.
Although China's natural gypsum resources are abundant, their quality is low. The desulfurized gypsum discharged from a coal-fired power plant and the phosphor-gypsum produced from wet-process phosphoric acid are all used, and 100 million tons of natural gypsum can be saved annually. Ju Jianhua believes that the distribution of phosphogypsum and desulphurized gypsum is more fragmented, which creates a problem of logistics concentration and at the same time brings costs for handling solid waste. Collaborative waste management is an effective way to solve these problems. First, the phosphogypsum logistics should be included in the government waste logistics system. At the same time, relevant departments of the building materials and chemical industry and the local government must coordinate with each other to jointly solve the problem.
“Planning†requires that the number of industrial by-product gypsum must be controlled from the source, the application of gypsum-based products should be expanded, and the proportion of gypsum-based products used in building materials and other industries should be increased; the industrial comprehensive utilization of gypsum should be encouraged to intensively develop and resources should be fully utilized. The basic role of; vigorously promote the production of high-strength gypsum powder gypsum powder, gypsum board and other high value-added use, as well as the production of cement gypsum retarder, gypsum block, dry mortar and other large-scale use.
In addition, in the key technologies and equipment for the comprehensive utilization of gypsum for industrial by-products, the “Planning†encourages the breakthrough in advanced technology and large-scale complete sets of equipment for drying and calcining desulphurized gypsum using waste heat and residual pressure, and development of ultra-high-strength gypsum powder and gypsum whiskers. Pre-cast glass fiber reinforced gypsum molding products, high-grade mold gypsum powder and other high value-added product production technology and equipment, as well as on-line development and promotion of desulfurization gypsum quality control technology, process control and optimization technology in the wet-process phosphoric acid extraction process, low-energy phosphorus Gypsum-sulfate co-production cement technology, potassium sulphate-produced potassium sulfate by-product ammonium chloride technology, low-cost, high-performance, environmentally-friendly phosphogypsum purification technology, and low-quality high-performance phosphogypsum production of low-cost, high-performance mine filling special cementitious material technology , phosphogypsum safe storage technology.
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