New Progress in Research on Heavy Metal Pollution Monitoring of Lake Sediments in China

[China Instrument Network Instrument Development] Heavy metal pollution in lakes is a serious threat to aquatic organisms and human health, and has received widespread attention from the society. The Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences recently analyzed the feasibility of hyperspectral techniques in inverting heavy metals, and discussed the mechanism of inversion of heavy metals, which provided a scientific basis for lake pollution monitoring research.

Heavy metal pollution in lakes is characterized by high toxicity, carcinogenicity, and persistence. Sediment is used as a receptor for the deposition and enrichment of heavy metals. Heavy metals can be absorbed by aquatic plants or re-released due to disturbance to cause secondary pollution. However, the sources of heavy metals in sediments are extensive, such as atmospheric dust, industrial wastes, and pesticides. The distribution of these heavy metals has a large spatial heterogeneity, which makes it more difficult for people to monitor.

Existing studies have shown that hyperspectral techniques can effectively estimate soil property information and open up new avenues for current detection and mapping of soil properties. However, the content of heavy metals in the soil sediment is very small, and its spectral characteristics are often concealed by the information of many elements. There is still controversy over the ability and accuracy of inversion using hyperspectral techniques.

Researchers at the Global Change Ecology Division of the Wuhan Botanic Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences investigated the feasibility of hyperspectral techniques in inverting heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, mercury, nickel and lead using the heavy metal contamination of the Donghu sediment in Wuhan as an example. The inversion mechanism of heavy metals.

The results show that the spectral model has significant differences in the inversion capability of heavy metals, among which cadmium, mercury, nickel, and lead are highly inversion, while chromium, copper, and zinc cannot be inverted, depending on heavy metals and total organic carbon. The internal relations and symbiosis mechanisms.

The development of this research provided a certain reference for the rapid spectral acquisition of heavy metal pollution in highly heterogeneous soils. The relevant research results were recently published online in the International Environmental Science Bulletin “Catena” (Chain: Soil Science-Hydrology-Landography )).

(Original Title: New Progress in Research on Heavy Metal Pollution Monitoring in Lake Sediments in China)