What is the difference between high frequency and UHF RFID technology?
1. From the perspective of technological development:
High frequency technology is relatively mature than ultra high frequency technology. From the initial commercialization in 1995 to today's extensive and mature practical application, high-frequency technology has achieved quite good results. Compared with RFID tags in other frequency bands, high-frequency tags have the largest production volume and manufacturers have the highest ROI.
Through continuous improvement and improvement, a learning curve model for high-frequency tag production, data protocol sharing, and the basis for constructing RFID applications has also been established.
UHF technology has just begun to enter the stage of large-scale application, and its technical level has not reached the point of maturity.
2. From the aspect of signal interference:
Both high frequency and ultra high frequency RFID systems rely heavily on the communication environment between the reader and the tag. However, near-field inductive coupling of high-frequency technology reduces potential wireless interference, making high-frequency technology extremely immune to environmental noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI).
Ultra-high frequency uses the principle of electromagnetic emission, so it is more susceptible to electromagnetic interference. At the same time, the metal will reflect the signal, and the water will absorb the signal, all of which will interfere with the normal function of the tag. Although some ultra-high-frequency tags (such as Gen2) that have been technically improved have excellent performance in preventing metal and liquid interference, UHF is still inferior to high-frequency tags, and other methods are needed to make up for it.
3. From the perspective of global normative standards:
The International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission established the ISO/IEC, 15693 standard in 1999 to regulate the implementation of high frequency radio frequency identification technology. The 13.56 MHz high frequency band has become an effective international scientific and medical (ISM) band worldwide. After Japan agreed to use consistent high frequency frequencies in December 2002, its power levels were also unified worldwide.
The standards for UHF are not so uniform, and the frequencies used in different countries are not the same. The UHF designated by the EU is 865~868MHz, the United States is 902~928MHz, India is 865~867MHz, Australia is 920~926MHz, Japan is 952~954MHz, and China and other countries have not given UHF a suitable one. The frequency range is in the standard missing state. The direct consequence of the inconsistency of the UHF band is the disconnection of the corporate supply chain that attempts to establish a seamless link to the global supply chain.
4. From the global RFID power requirements:
The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) EN300-220 specification has two main provisions that are less favorable for UHF. One is about the power limitation, which stipulates that the effective radiated power is 500 mW; the other is the limitation on the bandwidth. As a result, the reader cannot be hopped, and the anti-collision arbitration speed of the tag is also limited. European regulations limit the signal modulation between UHF tags and readers, resulting in inconsistencies in US and European systems.
RFID tags have received a lot of praise among users in practical applications. Although the price is relatively high, UHF tag technology has obvious unique advantages in automatic identification and security of products, and the production efficiency and management of enterprises will be has seen an increase.
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