The lack of technology in China's chip industry is facing the rejection of the crisis

As the global semiconductor chip industry enters the new stage of "oligopoly" and "oligarchy", the industrial threshold is getting higher and higher, and the demand for funds is getting larger and larger. The chip industry in China suffered from shortage of talent, lack of innovation and other bottlenecks, investment less than one-tenth of the international giants, faced by the international giants to further throw away the harsh situation.

The industrial chain "ischemia" serious

The problem of "lack of money" has always been a headache for domestic chip equipment manufacturers and has also limited the pace of enterprise development. To make matters worse, the long cycle of the industry, more investment, slow, risk and other characteristics of the market investors discouraged.

"At present, a 12-inch chip production line with a monthly output of 50,000 chips needs to be 5 billion U.S. dollars. To build a new chip production line, South Korea's Samsung invested 14.2 billion U.S. dollars in 2012 and 12.5 billion U.S. dollars in Intel's U.S.-based chipsets. The two leading 12-inch chip companies invest on average less than 500 million U.S. dollars a year, less than one-tenth of the world-class companies. "Wei Shaojun, vice chairman of China Semiconductor Industry Association and chief technology officer of National 01 Major Science and Technology Program, said.

In the field of equipment, the world's top three US Applied Materials, US companies and Japan's Tokyo Electronics Company each invested between 500 million and 1 billion U.S. dollars in research and development of new products every year. Founded in 2004 in Pudong, China Semiconductor Equipment Co., Ltd., is recognized as the country 02 more successful, the industry's only products have reached the international advanced level and large-scale access to the international market for Chinese semiconductor equipment companies. Over the past 10 years, SINOPEC Semiconductors has already raised funds for many rounds and absorbed the equity investments of first-rate domestic and foreign investment companies such as Goldman Sachs, Walden International, China Development Bank and Shanghai Venture Capital, and obtained loans from China Development Bank, Major Projects 02 and Shanghai The government's special funding, total financing of about 360 million US dollars.

In spite of this, CEO Yin Zhiyao Semiconductor still feel deeply different from the international giants. He told the "Economic Information Daily" reporter: "The micro-annual investment level is only equivalent to one-tenth of the international giants." It is reported that the current leader in the field of semiconductor equipment in China is still at a loss.

Although "very bad money", but many companies in the semiconductor chip industry chain continue to increase investment, they often face the "weak" successor. The main reason is the large investment, long cycle, high risk and other factors, so that the conventional market channels are difficult to sustain the industry sustained huge capital investment. Yin Zhiyao semiconductor chip equipment industry, for example: the new product generally takes 2-4 years before they can enter the market, 5 to 6 years to achieve sales, 8-9 years before it is possible to reach a balance of payments, 10 years to achieve profitability, In the meantime, hundreds of millions of dollars have to be invested during each year. It is very difficult for the general investment to continuously support it.

For banks, the natural asymmetry of information, so that the enthusiasm of the industry is not high. Lianpong, secretary general of Guangdong Semiconductor Industry Association, said: "It can be said that semiconductor chip companies do not have any financing advantage. Many enterprises do not have land and real estate. Some are just soft assets such as intellectual property, talent teams, and patented technologies, but they are totally absent Value, can not be used for a mortgage loan.Professional know that this technology is worth yuan, unprofessional feel worthless, the bank does not know who to sell.

In terms of the government, the "peppermint" policy of funding is relatively decentralized, it is difficult to form an effective "fist effect." Wang Longxing, a senior consultant of Shanghai IC Industry Association and expert of 02 special group, said that from 2008 to 2013, 02 projects had 137 projects, with a total investment of more than 33 billion yuan from central government funding, local facilities and self-financing by enterprises. By the end of 2013, there were 423 integrated circuit enterprises in Shanghai with a total investment of 29.5 billion U.S. dollars. The characteristics of "insufficient aggregate and decentralized investment" are quite obvious. However, local governments in general can not afford to invest too much in supporting funds.

Product "done out, can not sell"

On the one hand, multinational giants have long been "besieging" Chinese enterprises. On the other hand, downstream manufacturers have lacked confidence in the domestic chip equipment enterprises and domestic chip and equipment products have been stuck in a dilemma of "doing what they can and can not sell it."

A Beijing-based chip design enterprise with a history of more than 10 years has successively developed some products that can compete with the international giants in the fields of computer CPU, wireless LAN chip and mobile phone chip, but its market application effect is not very satisfactory. The person in charge of the company said that after each product has been developed, it is considered revolutionary and disruptive. However, it is always unsuccessful to sell it to integrated plants and complete plants.

"Economic Information Daily" reporter found in the interview, many chip design companies and equipment companies have their own products developed by confidence, that close to or even exceed the world's leading level. However, when it comes to large-scale promotion and industrialization applications, many corporate executives are "overwhelmed." "Do it" but "can not sell", is the current many chip design enterprises, equipment manufacturing enterprises unspeakable "pain."

Part of the CPU involved in R & D and production units such as Godson, Beijing Volkswagen, its product development and industrialization of the same difficulties, hard work for many years still failed to achieve large-scale commercial breakthroughs. The absence of the "China Chip" in the field of computers has caused Chinese enterprises in this field to be locked in the low end of the industrial value chain, thus failing to create high value-added products and fail to guide the trend of the industry.

Not only in the field of chip design, in the IC equipment manufacturing industry, product localization is also caught in a similar situation. Lian Bo, secretary general of Guangdong Semiconductor Industry Association, said that many manufacturing enterprises reflect that the overall technical level of China's semiconductor equipment is still far behind that of foreign advanced countries and regions. The main problems are the instability of product quality and poor consistency Etc .; Therefore, many chip manufacturers in the procurement of equipment, we must consider the imported equipment.

It is understood that, at present, China's semiconductor industry is generally over-extroverted. The orders, equipment and technologies of the IC manufacturing industry are heavily dependent on foreign countries. The low-end IC consumer applications market relies heavily on exports. In reply to reporters, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Electronics Information Department said that at present, the development of IC industry in our country is difficult. One of the main reasons is that the advantage of domestic demand market has not been fully realized. The industry of "chip - software - machine - system - information service" Synergic chain has not yet formed.

On the one hand, foreign multinational giants have long been "besieging" Chinese enterprises. Wang Gang, director of the Center for Semiconductor Research at Sun Yat-sen University, said that multinational corporations, through forming industry alliances, formed a vertically integrated industrial ecosystem and built industrial barriers. Domestic enterprises can only adopt passive follow-up strategies.

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