The difference between storage methods of corn and rice
As corn seed storage is prone to:
1. Fever. Maize is a large-grained, large-embryo seed that accounts for 30% of its volume. Embryo weight accounted for 10% to 12% of the grain weight, seed embryos were large, and the seeds breathe vigorously. Therefore, at the same moisture and temperature, the respiration intensity was higher than that of the cereal seeds, which made them prone to heat and resulted in deterioration of the seeds.
2. rancid. Corn seed fat content of 4% to 5%, while the embryo accounted for 77% to 89% of the fat content of the grain, therefore, such as high temperature, high humidity is easy to produce free fatty acids, increase acidity, affect the viability of the seed .
3. Mildew. Maize seed embryos contain more soluble sugar, and seed coats are also recorded. Therefore, it is prone to mildew and causes deterioration of the seeds.
4. Frozen. Sometimes frost comes early. Excessive water content and frost damage affect the quality of the seeds.
Therefore, to preserve corn seeds, you must do:
1. Reduce moisture. Maize seeds have low water content, can prevent freezing damage, are not susceptible to insects and mildew, and can also delay the maintenance of seed viability. The most effective measure to reduce the amount of water that is planted is universal. There are two kinds of ventilation: First, natural ventilation, according to the temperature and humidity inside and outside the warehouse, a reasonable opening and closing of windows and doors, the use of air convection ventilation, its effect depends on the internal and external temperature difference, wind speed, stacking method, stack size, seed pores Degree and so on. When the outside temperature and outside humidity are lower than the inside of the bin and the wind speed is large, the stacking is small and the porosity is large, the ventilation effect is good. Otherwise, the effect is poor. The second is mechanical ventilation. The outside dry cold air is blown into the seed heap or the hot and humid air inside the seed heap is sucked out to cool the seeds quickly and dry.
2. Qiao storage. There are two kinds of methods: (1) The method of tasseling and storing the taro, which is beneficial to the post-ripening and drying of seeds, reducing the risk of worms and microorganisms; (2) grain method. The requirements for seeds are more stringent, because the pellets are prone to insects and mildew. Generally, the relative humidity is less than 80%, and sugar is better. It is suitable for small storage in farmhouses.
Rice seed storage method:
Rice seeds have internal and external pods, loose seed piles, large pores, and easy storage, but there are problems with easy germination during storage. The rice seeds germinate when the water content is 23% to 25%, while the air humidity in the rice producing areas is relatively high, and the seeds are stored in high moisture, or they can germinate when they are exposed to moisture and rain after entering the warehouse.
The main points of storage are different storage measures because of different climates, varieties, and harvest seasons in different regions. The single-season rice and the post-season rice are indica rice, the temperature is low at the time of harvest, and the seed moisture content is high. Therefore, the key to safe storage is how to dry rice seeds in time, so that the moisture content is reduced to 14% or less. The seed standard sample library can do this. It is mainly developed to study the impact of the storage environment on the seed's life span. The dual-temperature dual-standby system can be used to maintain the germplasm for 3-30 years.
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