Heilongjiang equipment manufacturing industry to service-oriented manufacturing transformation
Recently, the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†National Science and Technology Support Program “Power Generation Equipment Manufacturing Services and Industrial Chain Collaboration Cloud Services Key Technology R&D and Demonstration†was approved by the expert group organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology. This topic was jointly undertaken by Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Institute of Large Electric Machinery and Heilongjiang Provincial Computing Center and other relevant units. The research results provided a reference for the transformation of equipment manufacturing industry from Heilongjiang Province to a service-oriented manufacturing industry.
As an important part of the implementation of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†manufacturing informatization technology project in Heilongjiang Province, this project addresses the development needs of the equipment manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province and studies the new cloud enterprise service model and the virtualization of physical resources for the equipment manufacturing enterprise cluster. The service of computing resources and the acquisition and service tools of power station field equipment data provide technical support for power generation equipment manufacturing services and industrial chain cooperation. The R&D power generation equipment remote service support system has provided remote service support for more than 30 generator sets of the Three Gorges, Xiangjiaba, Xiluodu and other power stations; the enterprise cloud service platform has been practically applied in power generation equipment manufacturing enterprise clusters, and has successively been more than 150 Domestic enterprises provide information services and have achieved significant social and economic benefits.
Brake pads convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle to thermal energy through friction. Two brake pads are contained in the brake caliper, with their friction surfaces facing the rotor. When the brakes are hydraulically applied, the caliper clamps or squeezes the two pads together onto the spinning rotor to slow and stop the vehicle. When a brake pad heats up due to contact with the rotor, it transfers small amounts of its friction material onto the disc, leaving a dull grey coating on it. The brake pad and disc (both now having the friction material), then "stick" to each other, providing the friction that stops the vehicle.
In disc brakes, there are usually two brake pads per disc rotor. These are held in place and actuated by a caliper affixed to the wheel hub or suspension upright. Racing calipers, however, can utilize up to six pads, with varying frictional properties in a staggered pattern for optimum performance. Depending on the properties of the material, the weight of the vehicle and the speeds it is driven at, disc wear rates may vary. The brake pads must usually be replaced regularly (depending on pad material) to prevent brake fade. Most brake pads are equipped with a method of alerting the driver when this needs to be done. A common technique is manufacturing a small central groove whose eventual disappearance by wear indicates the end of a pad's service life. Other methods include placing a thin strip of soft metal in a groove, such that when exposed (due to wear) the brakes squeal audibly. A soft metal wear tab can also be embedded in the pad material that closes an electric circuit when the brake pad wears thin, lighting a dashboard warning light.
Brake Pads,Rear Brake Pads,Front Brake Pads,Changing Brake Pads
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